Occasionally, an editor will stop sending papers to an entire review panel. This typically happens in late rounds of the review process.
Usually, it’s for one of three reasons.
The most common reason is that a #reviewer has signed off on the paper. Given that they have said yes! Put it in press! The #editor opts not to take up more of their time.
A less common reason is a reviewer stopped answering emails. This happens much more than you might think - it’s not ok to do this - but it’s reality.
The least common reason is a reviewer has submitted a bad review. Given the comments were weak or off base, the editor opts not to ask for more lousy feedback.
In any event, this leaves just one or two reviewers to evaluate a paper.
This can create some uncertainty and pressure for the remaining reviewers - bc they don’t know why the other people were dropped and bc no one wants to be the person that rejected a paper.
If you are the last reviewer on a paper, what should you think?
First, recognize that the editor is placing trust in you.
You would not have been sent back the paper if the editor didn’t value your opinion.
Second, recognize the paper is likely close to acceptance.
I have never seen a paper with a reduced review panel rejected - esp. after the second round.
I’m sure it happens, but it’s not something that I’ve seen.
Third, know there is some pressure here.
As the final person, other than the editor, your suggestion is important - either for accepting the paper or demanding another round of review.
This is not a trivial responsibility.
So, how should you evaluate the paper against the backdrop of trust and responsibility?
First, assess whether they have addressed your concern.
The editor sent it back to you precisely for that reason.
So do your job.
Second, do not look for new issues.
Absent a published competing paper or a serious new concern (evoked by a response to your request) - don’t make more significant requests.
After the second review, it’s not reasonable to add new concerns.
Third, be quick.
Papers sit in review cycles for too long.
Don’t let the ideas get stale or jeopardize a career.
If you are the last reviewer, help move the paper to press.
Fourth, be honest.
If the paper isn’t ready or flawed, don’t be afraid to say no. The editor will usually override you and respect you for showing integrity.
If the paper is ready, say yes & use the review as an opportunity to make final requests & congratulate the authors.
Finally, be satisfied. You’ve been shown respect and are writing good reviews.
I hope this helps.
(Thanks Teagen Nabity-Grover for the question!)
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